Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review

Zhang Shichao; Li Siyuan; Lu Yingying

doi:10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

Volume 1 Issue 2

Dec. 2021

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Zhang Shichao, Li Siyuan, Lu Yingying. Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review[J]. eScience, 2021, 1(2): 163-177. doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

Citation:

Zhang Shichao, Li Siyuan, Lu Yingying. Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review[J]. eScience, 2021, 1(2): 163-177. doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

Zhang Shichao, Li Siyuan, Lu Yingying. Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review[J]. eScience, 2021, 1(2): 163-177. doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

Citation:

Zhang Shichao, Li Siyuan, Lu Yingying. Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review[J]. eScience, 2021, 1(2): 163-177. doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

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Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes: A review

doi: 10.1016/j.esci.2021.12.003

Zhang Shichao^{a, b, 1},
Li Siyuan^{a, b, 1},
Lu Yingying^{a, b
,
,}

a.
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
b.
ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Yingying Lu, E-mail address: yingyinglu@zju.edu.cn
Received Date: 2021-08-27
Revised Date: 2021-11-07
Accepted Date: 2021-12-06

Available Online: 2021-12-14

Abstract

Abstract

Lithium-based batteries have had a profound impact on modern society through their extensive use in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. However, battery safety issues such as thermal runaway, fire, and explosion hinder their practical application, especially for using metal anode. These problems are closely related to the high flammability of conventional electrolytes and have prompted the study of flame-retardant and nonflammable electrolytes. Here, we review the recent research on nonflammable electrolytes used in lithium-based batteries, including phosphates, fluorides, fluorinated phosphazenes, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, aqueous electrolytes, and solid-state electrolytes. Their flame-retardant mechanisms and efficiency are discussed, as well as their influence on cell electrochemical performance. We conclude with a summary of future prospects for the design of nonflammable electrolytes and the construction of safer lithium-based batteries.
- Nonflammable electrolyte,
- Flame retardants,
- Lithium-based battery,
- Safety

● Radical scavenging mechanism and characterization methods of flammability are summarized.
● The characteristic parameters of thermal runaway and their influence are illustrated.
● Inspiring further exploration in the design of nonflammable electrolytes toward safer lithium-based batteries.
● This review compares the efficiency, stability and compatibility of various flame retardants.
¹ These authors contributed equally to this work.

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